Sains Malaysiana 53(6)(2024): 1235-1242

http://doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2024-5306-01

Kepelbagaian Bakteria pada Cap Jari Kanak-Kanak Taska/Montessori Sebelum dan Selepas Pendedahan terhadap Teknik Pembasuhan Tangan yang Betul

(Bacterial Diversity on Fingerprints of Nursery/Montessori Children Before and After Exposure to Proper Handwashing Techniques)

FATIN HAFIZAH HASSNI, SHUBATRA A/P NAHENTHARA RAJ, YIP CHEE WAI, NAZLINA HAIZA MOHD YASIN, NUR HAZLIN HAZRIN CHONG, WAN SYAIDATUL AQMA & NOREFRINA SHAFINAZ MD NOR*

Jabatan Sains Biologi dan Bioteknologi, Fakulti Sains dan Teknologi, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia

Diserahkan: 7 Ogos 2019/Diterima: 14 Mei 2024

Abstrak

Bakteria patogen hadir dan boleh berjangkit melalui kontaminasi tangan dalam kalangan kanak-kanak di taska dan montessori. Keadaan ini berpotensi menyebabkan jangkitan bakteria kronik, justeru telah menimbulkan kebimbangan dari segi isu kesihatan awam kanak-kanak di Malaysia. Kaedah mencuci tangan dengan betul dapat mengurangkan risiko jangkitan bakteria melalui sentuhan langsung. Kajian ini telah direka dengan mengambil kira faktor umur dan jantina terhadap kepelbagaian bakteria pada cap jari kanak-kanak sebelum dan selepas mencuci tangan dengan sabun. Tiga taska dan montessori di kawasan Bangi, Selangor telah dipilih bagi pendedahan terhadap modul pembasuhan tangan yang betul. Persampelan cap ibu jari kanak-kanak berusia 2 hingga 6 tahun dilakukan pada agar nutrien bagi menunjukkan kepada peserta kesan pembasuhan tangan terhadap baketeria sebelum dan selepas pembasuhan tangan. Ujian biokimia dan penjujukan 16S rDNA dilakukan untuk pengenalpastian spesies pencilan. Antara spesies yang dipencilkan adalah Staphylococcus aureus, S. epidermidis, Bacillus cereus, Listeria monocytogenes dan L. welshimeri. Hasil kajian mendapati kepelbagaian bakteria pada cap jari kanak-kanak perempuan lebih tinggi daripada kanak-kanak lelaki namun kepelbagaian bakteria berdasarkan umur tidak menunjukkan corak yang jelas antara ketiga-tiga tadika yang disampel. Justeru, pendidikan tentang teknik cucian tangan yang betul dalam kalangan kanak-kanak adalah penting bagi mengurangkan jangkitan serta penyebaran bakteria tersebut di dalam persekitaran pusat asuhan.

Kata kunci: Cucian tangan; kanak-kanak; kontaminasi tangan; patogen

Abstract

Pathogenic bacteria are present and transmitted via hand contamination among children in nurseries and montessories. This causes chronic bacterial infections, raising concerns in terms of public health issues of children in Malaysia. Correct hand washing technique reduces risk of bacterial transmission by direct contact. This study was designed to consider the significance of age and gender towards the diversity of bacteria on children’s fingerprint before and after hand washing with soap. Three kindergartens in Bangi, Selangor were selected for exposure to the correct hand washing modul. The thumb fingerprints of children aged 2 to 6 were collected on nutrient agar (NA) to educate on the after affect of the correct hadn washing module. Biochemical tests and 16S rDNA sequencing were performed for species identification. The isolated species were Staphylococcus aureus, S. epidermidis, Bacillus cereus, Listeria monocytogenes, and L. welshimeri. Results showed the bacterial diversity on girls’ fingers was higher than that of boys, but there was no clear pattern in diversity according to age in all three kindergartens. Based on our results, proper education on hand sanitising among kindergarten children is essential to potentially reduce the risk of infection and transmission of these pathogenic bacteria in early childcare environments.

Keywords: children; hand contamination; hand washing; pathogen

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*Pengarang untuk surat-menyurat; email: efrina@ukm.edu.my